Effect of native venom of red cobra (Naja pallida) on morphological and rheological properties of erythrocytes

The effect of native venom of red (spitting) cobra (Naja pallida) on human erythrocytes is studied using the methods of electron microscopy and filtration through Millipore filters. Morphological analysis reveals marked transformation of discoid erythrocytes to echinocytes. More prolonged contact of the blood with the venom impairs the deformability of erythrocytes and induces hemolysis and the sludge syndrome. The results indicate a potent cytotoxic effect of native venom of red cobra.