Effect of red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) against interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) levels and thickness of feet oedema in Mus musculus (swiss strain) rheumatoid arthritis model

Red betel leaf contains numerous phytochemical compounds that can be used as an anti-inflammatory agent of rheumatoid arthritis. This research was conducted to determine the effect of red betel leaf extract on IL-1β and mole feet oedema thickness of the RA model. Mice were modeled for RA by intraperitoneally administered with 0.01 ml CFA and IFA on the near left foot area with approximately 0.03 ml volume. The treatment was carried out for three weeks. Measurement of feet oedema thickness was done before and after treatment by using sliding, then the data were analyzed by using ANAKOVA. At the end of the treatment, the mice are empowered and dissected. Blood collected from the heart. IL-1β levels were measured using indirect ELISA technique, and data were analyzed using single ANAVA. The results showed that red betel leaf extract of 200 mg/mL tended to decrease IL-1β level in RA mice, whereas the thickness of oedema in mice of RA could be lowered by red leaf extract of 400 mg/mL. These results suggested that a decrease in IL-1β levels is also accompanied by a decrease in oedema thickness due to an improved mechanism of the mice pane in RA mice.