CLINICAL STUDY ON INTERPRETATION OF HYPO AND HYPERTHYROID DISORDERS WITH VARIOUS MENSTRUAL DISTURBANCES

Objective The women in menstruating age with thyroid disorders are at risk of getting menstrual disturbances due to the influence of thyroid hormones on ovulation through FSH mediated differentiation of granulosa cells. This may also lead to infertility due to anovulatory cycles and hyperprolactinemia caused by thyroid disorders. The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of menstrual disorders in women with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Methods This was a cross sectional study conducted in 249 menstruating age women with thyroid disorders (hypo, hyper). The patients were diagnosed and classified into hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism based on their thyroid profile. Menstrual history was enquired from the patients. The thyroid profile of patients was subjected to statistical analysis. Results The prevalence of hypothyroidism was higher than hyperthyroidism with 83.93% and 16.06% respectively. The prevalence of menstrual irregularities in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid patients was found to be 30.62% and 7.5% respectively. The most presented menstrual disturbance in hypothyroid patients was irregular periods and in hyperthyroid patients was menorrhagia. The mean values of thyroid profile among hypothyroid females without and with menstrual irregularities were T3 (1.263 + 0.15, 1.236+ 0.12 ng/dl), T4 (6.769 + 0.81, 6.719 + 0.75 mcg/dl) and TSH (24.34 + 1.55, 28.77 + 1.15 mIU/ml) respectively. Hyperthyroid females without and with irregularities were T3 (1.83 + 0.66, 3.27 + 0.75 ng/dl), T4 (9.57 + 0.88, 13.88 + 0.91 mcg/dl) and TSH (0.636 + 0.44, 0.05 + 0.01 mIU/ml) with a significant difference between the groups. Conclusion Hypothyroidism women were at more risk of developing menstrual problems than hyperthyroid patients. The patients diagnosed with thyroid disorders should be cautious about the menstrual cycles and must report to physician if abnormalities are found. This will enable the medical practitioners to treat them with proper dosage of drugs for thyroid disorders to manage the complications.