Optimization of Carbon Cloth Bioelectrodes for Enzyme-based Biofuel cell for Wearable Bioelectronics

Wearable bioelectronics devices, capable of performing multiple analytical measurements and rapid data processing, require the combination of efficient and sustainable wearable power sources. For such energy sources, one crucial aspect is to realize suitable biocompatible, lightweight, flexible and eco-friendly electrodes with a high surface area. Carbon nanomaterials satisfy the above requirements and are used in many diverse applications. This work encompasses mediatorless, catalyst-free enzyme-based biofuel cell (EBFC) by utilizing carbon cloth as bioelectrodes for the first time. Such bioelectrodes were prepared in a sequential manner such as activation, cross-linking, and immobilization of enzymes. Electrochemical characterizations of such EBFC were performed, which delivered highest power density of 24.8 µW/cm2 with a stable OCV of 300 mV in optimal glucose concentration. The outcomes reflect that EBFC with carbon cloth bioelectrodes will serve as a promising energy source for wearable biomedical applications.