Limitations in Activities of Daily Living in Individuals With Chronic Kidney Disease: Biopsychosocial Factors of the Brazilian Population

This study assesses the relationship between biopsychosocial factors and limitations in activities of daily living (ADL) in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Individual data from the National Health Survey were analyzed, with a sample size of 839 participants. The outcome was dichotomous, presenting limitations in ADL, and the factors considered were clinical and health characteristics, self-perceived behavior, contextual social support, and housing. Cox regression was applied to control the interaction between factors, using the prevalence ratio as a measure of effect and a significance level of 5%. A total of 839 individuals with CKD were reported, of which 373 (40.7%: 35.4 - 46.1%) reported having limitations in ADL. The presence of limitations in ADL was related to residing in a rural area, as well as to the absence of private health insurance, worse self-perceived health, presence of depressive symptoms, and disabilities, in addition to the use of medications and hemodialysis. Limitations in ADL in individuals with CKD are associated with biopsychosocial factors in the Brazilian population, requiring public policies that enable better therapeutic management and support for behavioral health and contextual needs.