Clinical Evaluation of the Infected Orbit

Orbital cellulitis is a serious infectious condition that can lead to orbital abscess formation, optic neuropathy, meningitis, intracranial abscess, or even death. Given these potential vision and life-threatening consequences, successful management depends on the prompt and accurate clinical diagnosis to implement the appropriate medical and surgical treatments. This chapter provides an overview of the various etiologies of orbital cellulitis and their patterns of presentation, the crucial clinical findings on ophthalmic and orbital evaluation, and indications for surgical intervention.