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A 178.9-dB FoM 128-dB SFDR VCO-Based AFE for ExG Readouts With a Calibration-Free Differential Pulse Code Modulation Technique
- Source :
- IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. 56:3236-3246
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2021.
-
Abstract
- This article presents a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)-based analog front end (AFE) for ExG readout applications with both a wide dynamic range (DR) and high linearity. By using a differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) technique, VCO non-linearity is mitigated by operating the VCO in the small-signal linear regime. To minimize power consumption from the power-hungry gain error calibration, the effect of VCO gain variation within the DPCM loop is investigated, leading to a calibration-free DPCM via a $\Delta \Sigma $ truncator. At the circuit level, a coarseāfine phase decoding scheme is proposed to increase signal-to-quantization-noise ratio (SQNR) while avoiding metastability issues. Fabricated in 65 nm, the AFE occupies an area of 0.056 mm2. It achieves 94.2-dB SNDR and 95.1-dB DR in 500 Hz of bandwidth while dissipating 1.68- $\mu \text{W}$ power from a single 0.8-V supply, yielding a Schreier FoM of 178.9 dB. Importantly, the techniques enable a virtually distortion-less spectrum with a noise-floor limited spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) of 128 dB. In addition, the AFE is validated with ECG and EOG recording, demonstrating complete signal capturing in the presence of motion/stimulation artifacts.
Details
- ISSN :
- 1558173X and 00189200
- Volume :
- 56
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........a34466111449cb89ce17a8fdef78cd4c