Back to Search Start Over

An Overview of In Vitro Assays of 64Cu-, 68Ga-, 125I-, and 99mTc-Labelled Radiopharmaceuticals Using Radiometric Counters in the Era of Radiotheranostics

Authors :
Viviana Benfante
Alessandro Stefano
Muhammad Ali
Riccardo Laudicella
Walter Arancio
Antonino Cucchiara
Fabio Caruso
Francesco Paolo Cammarata
Claudia Coronnello
Giorgio Russo
Monica Miele
Alessandra Vieni
Antonino Tuttolomondo
Anthony Yezzi
Albert Comelli
Source :
Diagnostics. 13:1210
Publication Year :
2023
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2023.

Abstract

Radionuclides are unstable isotopes that mainly emit alpha (α), beta (β) or gamma (γ) radiation through radiation decay. Therefore, they are used in the biomedical field to label biomolecules or drugs for diagnostic imaging applications, such as positron emission tomography (PET) and/or single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). A growing field of research is the development of new radiopharmaceuticals for use in cancer treatments. Preclinical studies are the gold standard for translational research. Specifically, in vitro radiopharmaceutical studies are based on the use of radiopharmaceuticals directly on cells. To date, radiometric β- and γ-counters are the only tools able to assess a preclinical in vitro assay with the aim of estimating uptake, retention, and release parameters, including time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity and kinetic parameters. This review has been designed for researchers, such as biologists and biotechnologists, who would like to approach the radiobiology field and conduct in vitro assays for cellular radioactivity evaluations using radiometric counters. To demonstrate the importance of in vitro radiopharmaceutical assays using radiometric counters with a view to radiogenomics, many studies based on 64Cu-, 68Ga-, 125I-, and 99mTc-labeled radiopharmaceuticals have been revised and summarized in this manuscript.

Subjects

Subjects :
Clinical Biochemistry

Details

ISSN :
20754418
Volume :
13
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Diagnostics
Accession number :
edsair.doi...........a34c5e88397f5cd829b7540c9b670146
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13071210