A review of three-dimensional graphene-based materials: Synthesis and applications to energy conversion/storage and environment

Three-dimensional graphene-based materials (3D GBMs) not only possess the intrinsic properties of individual 2D graphene sheet but also provide some new collective physicochemical properties such as high porosity, low density, large specific surface area, excellent mechanical properties, unique electrochemical performance and so on. Benefiting from those properties and the unique structure, 3D GBMs are attractive for a broad range of applications. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances in the synthesis of 3D GBMs and their applications in energy conversion/storage and environment fields. The challenges and future outlook are also discussed.