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VULCANIZATION CHARACTERISTICS OF NATURAL RUBBER COAGULATED BY MICROORGANISMS
- Source :
- Rubber Chemistry and Technology. 91:64-78
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Rubber Division, ACS, 2018.
-
Abstract
- The network variations of natural rubber (NR) during the vulcanization process were investigated by 1H chemical shift by liquid-state 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. NR latex coagulated by microorganisms (NR-m) was contrasted with NR latex coagulated by acid (NR-a). The influences of the coagulation process on the structures, vulcanization characteristics, and mechanical properties of NR were analyzed. The results show that the cross-link density (XLD) and mass percentage of cross-link network (A(Mc)) can be increased with the increment of the vulcanization time; while the mass percentage of dangling free ends of the hydrocarbon and small molecules (A(T2)), the longitudinal relaxation time (T1), transverse relaxation time (T2), and molecular mass of inter–cross-link chains (Mc) decreased with the prolonging of vulcanization time both NR-m and NR-a. NR-m exhibits shorter scorch times (ts1, ts2) and optimum cure time (t90) and shows higher maximum torque (MH) and minimum torque (ML) than that of NR-a. It is obvious that the higher XLD and A(Mc) and lower A(T2), T1, T2, and Mc values of NR-m result in higher stress, tensile strength, and tear strength of NR compounds.
- Subjects :
- chemistry.chemical_classification
Polymers and Plastics
Molecular mass
Chemistry
Analytical chemistry
Vulcanization
Mass Percentage
law.invention
Hydrocarbon
Natural rubber
law
Transverse Relaxation Time
visual_art
Materials Chemistry
visual_art.visual_art_medium
Composite material
Spectroscopy
Longitudinal Relaxation Time
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19434804 and 00359475
- Volume :
- 91
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Rubber Chemistry and Technology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........aa2b0aa337603c9d576ff642b6e7fc5e