Parameter estimation and tracking of a magnetic dipole

The magnetic signal from a ferromagnetic object at a large distance can be modelled as that of a magnetic dipole. In many applications, the inverse problem of estimating the position, velocity and magnetic moment vector is of interest. Given the relationship between these parameters and the magnetic signature, this can be formulated as a Bayesian state estimation problem. In this paper, the extended Kalman filter is used to estimate the kinematic states as well as the dipole moment, given the total field measurements.