Microtaper leaky-mode spectrometer with picometer resolution

The wide application of optical spectroscopy makes miniaturized spectrometers with fundamental importance. The scalability, high-performance, low-cost, and small footprint are still contradicting each other and limiting the applicability of miniaturized spectrometer for practical application. Here we propose a compact spectrometer that satisfies the four advantages. The device uses a fiber taper tip to generate complex leaky mode patterns within 1 mm length. The unique correspondence between the pattern and wavelength operates effectively for hundreds of nanometers spectral range while providing a spectral resolution around ~ 1 pm. The integration of multiple taper tips enables hyperspectral imaging applications. The working range of our device can be further extended using different materials and detectors while keeping the similar architecture.