Processing Methodologies for Few Plantation Crops in India (Arecanut, Betelvine, Cashew, Cocoa and Oil Palm)

Plantation crops include a variety of high-value commercial crops, which play a vital role in the agricultural economy and trade of many developing and developed countries. These crops are perennial in nature, and the cultivation is labour-intensive, generating considerable employment opportunity during on farm operations and compulsorily off-farm processing activities. The plantation crops are also known for its various medicinal properties, whereas in case of arecanut other than its traditional huge masticatory purpose, it is also reported in the preparation of Ayurvedic and veterinary formulations. Betel leaves are used in Indian System of Medicine against indigestion, stomach ache and diarrhoea. Cashew is also a well-accepted ingredient in dietary preparation, cocoa and oil palm are widely known for its anti-carcinogenic effects and rich source of Vitamin A and E content. India’s share in combined export and import of these plantation commodities were about US $ 0.8 billion and US $ 0.4 billion, respectively (FOSTAT). Global competence can come only along with world-class quality, competitive pricing and a well-known brand. Efforts towards improvement in quality and making Indian brands popular abroad will be the key for plantation sector in the international market. Encouragement should be given to form strategic alliances or joint ventures in this sector with the objective of bringing better processing technologies and value addition, apart from branding. These agencies should constantly be updating to the latest technologies for its economic benefits with due consideration for changing consumer preferences and market structure. The Commodity Boards should activate an in-house processing control mechanism with legal status to enforce adherence of market-related quality parameters.