Ischemia–reperfusion induced injury of rat ovary and the possible protective effect of amlodipine: Histological, immunohistochemial and biochemical study

Introduction: Ovarian torsion constitutes a gynecologic surgical emergency. However, early diagnosis of torsion may help to detorsion of the affected ovary and to preserve the fertility. Conservative therapy may lead to local and systemic deteriorating effects on the viability of the detorsioned ovary.Aim: The present study was done to evaluate the possible protective effect of amlodipine on ischemia and ischemia reperfusion (I/R) induced ovarian injury in a rat model using histological, immuno-histolochemical, biochemical and morphometric studies.Material and Methods: Forty adult female albino rats were used. They were equally divided into five groups. Group 1: Sham operation (control). Group 2: (ischemia) 3 hours duration of ischemia. Group 3: (ischemia/reperfusion) same as group 2 followed by 3 hours of reperfusion. Group 4: (ischemia and amlodipine) 5 mg amlodipine given orally one hour before ischemia then 3 hours of ischemia. Group 5: (ischemia, re-perfusion and amlodipine) 2 hours of ischemia then 5 mg amlodipine given orally then 3 hours of reperfusion. Then ovarian removal was performed and subjected to histological, immuno-histolochemical , biochemical and morphometric studies.Results: In ischemia and (I/R) groups, the ovaries revealed exfoliation and desquamation of granulosa cells into the follicular cavity of degenerated follicles, with karyolysis and karyorrhexis of the oocyte nucleus, Congested dilated vessels, hyaline degeneration and vacuolation in the interstitial region, Massive cellular infiltrate, hemosiderin deposits and massive hemorrhage of the ovarian stroma. There was positive immunoreactivity for PECAM-I and CD68 and negative for estrogen receptor immunostain. Both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) concentrations were significantly decreased while malondialdehyde MDA (LPO) concentration was significantly increased in ischemia and I/R groups as compared with the other groups. Amlodipine addition improves both histological findings and biochemical valuesConclusion: Amlodipine attenuates ischemia and (I/R) induced ovarian tissue injury