Effect of different miniplate osteosynthesis in different mandibular angle fracture patterns on bite force: A 3D finite element analysis

Objective Bite force can be used as a clinical indicator of masticatory performance. As bite force is reduced with fractures and also, miniplate fixation has become the standard treatment, the aim of this study is to determine the optimal method for mini-plating in the fracture of the mandible angle to reach the best mastication power. Methods A three-dimensional model generated from CBCT (Cone-beam computed tomography) of human mandible for Finite Element Analysis. Four different fracture patterns were simulated on the models. Each fracture pattern was fixed by five different methods of miniplate fixation. Each compared to others after simulation and applying the force of the masticatory muscles and result reported in Newton unit. Results The highest mastication force belonged to a pattern in which a miniplate was placed on an outer oblique ridge and another miniplate in the lower border of the buccal mandibular cortex. The lowest mastication force also belonged to placing a mini plate on the upper side of the cortex. Conclusion Finite Element Analysis is an effective method for indirect measurement of mastication power. In order to biomechanically rebuild optimal mastication force in patients with fracture of the lower angle of the jaw, it is recommended to use two miniplates in two different planes.