Applied Phenomenology The Analysis of the Azadi Tower (Shahyad) through hermeneutic Phenomenology

Importing philosophical musings on architecture in design and review of building is one of the concerns of the contemporary world and especially Iran. It should be noted that finding a true perspective to express the thoughts of one philosopher is more difficult than expressing his thoughts. However, if attention is not paid from the beginning the mind can be placed in a route that without hesitation and realistic assessment would consider those thoughts entirely rejected or accepted. Meantime, nearly half a century ago the philosophical sense of phenomenology developed among philosophers, but how this approach can be used in the analysis and interpretation of an architectural work, will be the key question. Phenomenology as a method to study the nature of phenomena and objects have been proposed based on the originality of the witnesses; the general rule is to return to objects away from prejudice, in other words putting in parenthesis the unnecessary parts of a phenomenon that Husserl mentions it as “epoche”, till the time you achieve its nature as well as suspending cultural, social, ideological, biased assumptions and the effect of new sciences, this is the goal that phenomenologists through it aims to achieve direct experience of the world around. One of the effects of this philosophy school in the field of theoretical architecture, is opening the topics in location phenomenology, place of text in architectural design, as well as the importance of issues such as mental phenomenology and its impact on the criticizing the architectural works. It’s an experimental approach based on observation that seeks for better identification of the location and structure to attain better communicate and accompany human being and the environment around him. Togetherness of the man and the world around (subject and object), in facing the Cartesian thought is one of the main objectives of phenomenology. In this approach the people and the environment are not separate, but intertwined, and each one is causing the other. In this study, based on concepts of phenomenology and especially the ideas of Heidegger from the perspective of hermeneutic text the architecture of the Azadi Tower has been studied and analyzed. Therefore through survey method and using descriptive - inferential method studied the construction of the Azadi Tower looked and the results indicated that Heidegger approach can be used in reading an architectural work and from qualitative descriptive approach to this tower to what extent it is the symbol of a 2500 years old civilization.