Late Jurassic adakitic ore-bearing granodiorite porphyry intrusions in the Xiaokele porphyry Cu (–Mo) deposit, Northeast China: implications for petrogenesis and tectonic setting

The Xiaokele Cu (–Mo) deposit is a recently discovered porphyry deposit in the northern Great Xing’an Range (GXR) of northeast China. The ore bodies in this deposit are mainly hosted within granodiorite porphyry intrusions. Potassic, phyllic, and propylitic alteration zones develop from center to edge. In this paper, we present zircon LA–ICP–MS U–Pb ages, zircon Hf isotopic compositions, and whole-rock geochemistry of the ore-bearing granodiorite porphyries from the Xiaokele Cu (–Mo) deposit. Zircon U–Pb dating suggests that the Xiaokele granodiorite porphyries were emplaced at 148.8 ± 1.1 Ma (weighted-mean age; n = 14). The Xiaokele granodiorite porphyries display high SiO2, Al2O3, Sr, and Sr/Y, low K2O/Na2O, MgO, Yb, and Y, belonging to high-SiO2 adakites produced by partial melting of the subducted oceanic slab. Marine sediments were involved in the magma source of the Xiaokele granodiorite porphyries, as indicated by enriched Sr–Nd isotopic compositions (eNd(t) = − 1.17– − 0.27), low positive zircon eHf(t) values (0.4–2.2), and high Th contents (4.06–5.20). The adakitic magma subsequently interacted with the mantle peridotites during ascent through the mantle wedge. The Xiaokele granodiorite porphyries were derived from slab melting during the southward subduction of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean.