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Microwave Dielectric Properties and Reduction Behavior of Low-Grade Pyrolusite
- Source :
- JOM. 71:3909-3914
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Manganese ore is an important mineral having a strategic role in the development of the national economy and society. In this study, the dielectric properties, heating curve, crystal structure, and reduction ratio of a low-grade pyrolusite were investigated. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor, and loss tangent coefficient of low-grade pyrolusite at room temperature were evaluated using the resonant cavity perturbation method, yielding values of 5.854, 0.146, and 0.0249, respectively. Owing to the excellent microwave absorption properties of low-grade pyrolusite with 10% coal (22 g), it could be heated to a temperature of 800°C within 200 s. X-ray diffraction results confirmed that MnO2 was partially transformed into MnO at 450°C, while, at 650°C, no diffraction peak of MnO2 was observed. At a reduction temperature of 550°C, a reduction ratio of MnO2 to MnO of 96.65% could be achieved within a holding time of 50 min. This study demonstrates that the microwave carbothermal reduction of a low-grade pyrolusite is efficient, and thus could promote the clean production and sustainable development of the manganese industry.
- Subjects :
- Pyrolusite
Diffraction
Materials science
0211 other engineering and technologies
General Engineering
Analytical chemistry
chemistry.chemical_element
02 engineering and technology
Manganese
Dielectric
engineering.material
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
chemistry
Carbothermic reaction
engineering
Dissipation factor
General Materials Science
0210 nano-technology
Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)
Microwave
021102 mining & metallurgy
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15431851 and 10474838
- Volume :
- 71
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- JOM
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........c0ab76e3c8a22407970a7d9a49c275d1
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03522-8