Raman spectroscopy study of edible oils and determination of the oxidative stability at frying temperatures

Samples of edible oils of different degrees of unsaturation were studied by Raman spectroscopy. We demonstrate the potential of this technique for discriminating these oils. In addition, the Raman spectra for the macadamia, pecan, and Brazil nut oils are for the first time reported here. The fatty acid profile of each type of oil was established by GC. The analytical results obtained from the spectra were highly correlated with those provided by GC as regards the contents in monounsaturated and PUFA of each oil type. Spectra were examined separately in the wavenumber zones 2800–3100 and 800–1800 cm−1, which were those exhibiting the greater differences between oils. Also, as shown in this work, Raman spectroscopy is an effective tool for assessing oxidation in various grades of olive oils. Based on the results, extra virgin olive oil efficiently resists oxidation in the short term by virtue of its increased antioxidant contents. Practical applications: In this paper we show the usefulness of Raman spectroscopy to distinguish between edible oils. Similarly, the technique also allows us to discriminate between different heat-treated olive oils. At the industrial level Raman spectroscopy can be a useful tool to detect adulteration related to the oxidation of fat. Its ease of use and the absence of sample handling make it very effective for use in production systems on-line. Raman spectroscopy allows to distinguish oils with different unsaturation level and also allows us to discriminate between different heat-treated oils.