Modern Trends in Variability of Climatic Characteristics in the Area of Makhachkala and Hydrological Consequences for the Turali Lakes

Within the limits of a century-long weakly positive trend of air temperature in the surface layer, periods of increased and decreased values of temperature, precipitation, air humidity, evaporation, water balance and moisture coefficient of the average for the year and individual seasons are highlighted. For this purpose, absolute and cumulative deviation values of characteristics are used. The results show, that the forecast of an acceleration of the rate of warming in the twenty-first century proved to be correct. The last cycle, which began in 2010-2012, is characterized by the most rapid increase in climate factors, that exacerbate the negative water balance in comparison with previous periods. This leads to the drying up of the Turaly lakes located on the southern side of the Makhachkala-Caspian agglomeration. The obtained results call into question the possibility and feasibility of using dry estuaries as water bodies for fish farming.