Proceedings of GSM 2019

Electrical grid services refer to a range of services required by transmission and distribution system operators to maintain a reliable and balanced electrical power system. The diffusion of intermittent renewables and distributed energy resources is increasing, meaning the demand for grid services is likely to grow. GSM 2019 was the third edition of the international Grid Service Markets symposium. From July 3 to 4, 2019, 80 experts from different areas of the power market shared their knowledge and experience in the field of grid services. The topics presented and discussed were wide-ranging and included international collaboration, technologies, operations, market developments and business potential. The proceedings contain contributions from scientists all over Europe. M. Stabile et al. consider recent changes in the Italian ancillary services market, which is opening up to Virtual Qualified Units consisting of smaller scale generators, storage systems and loads. The authors present the simulation tool MODIS and the impact on the ancillary services market resulting from a new transmission infrastructure, storage systems or new Virtual Qualified Units. E. Crespi et al. discuss the modelling and optimization of a flexible PEM fuel cell power plant providing grid balancing as one of the results of the EU project GRASSHOPPER. Different layouts for a pilot plant are simulated and compared. In a second report on GRASSHOPPER, the authors report on the goal of building a MW-sized PEM fuel cell power plant and a 100 kW pilot project in Delfzijl (NL), which is integrated into a demand side management program. P. Marocco et al. analyse the techno-economic impacts of a hydrogen-based storage system suitable for micro-grid and off-grid applications as part of their work for the EU project REMOTE. The authors consider four different European sites, including solar, wind, biomass and hydro as renewable energy sources, where excess energy is fed into an electrolyzer. M. Alkämper, S. Stypka, B. Oberschachtsiek and A. Heinzel report on test results of PEM, alkaline and solid oxide electrolysis systems, measuring reaction time, stack stability, durability of the balance of plant components and maintenance effort in dynamic operation, as performed for the Carbon2Chem project. X. Zhang and B. S. Oh investigate a hydrogen power generation system that provides a zero-emission renewable energy solution for energy independent islands, such as Gageodo Island, South Korea. K. Poplavskaya, F. Ocker and K.-M. Ehrhart analyze the effects of the sequence and timing of different marketplaces on the bidding behavior of market participants, including balancing markets. The authors develop a theoretical bidding calculus for participants in multiple markets based on decision theory. I. Kockar et al. report on the European SmartNet project, in which they investigate new market architectures to enable the participation of distributed energy resources in energy and ancillary service markets. V. Klemenz, T. M. Mbavarira and C. Imboden analyse the effects of participation in balancing markets on hydrogen production costs. J. Bagemihl et al. propose a novel market-based approach for the use of dynamic load management in the medium-voltage grid to avoid grid extensions as carried out in the EU Power Alliance project. S. Parella et al. propose a hierarchical clustering method for the offers accepted in the electricity market and assess the affordability of energy storage systems capable of providing ancillary services in different market areas. R. Reissner et al. report on the FCH JU QualyGridS project, which aims to establish standardized test protocols for electrolysers to provide electricity grid services. Finally, J. Kučica reports on the Core CCR project, which implements the methodology of flow based capacity calculation. The GSM 2019 is supported with funds from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract No 17.00009 and the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen 2 Joint Undertaking under agreements No 735485 and 700339.