Planning of EV Fast Charging Stations for Distribution System Coupled with Transportation Network

Encouragement of Electric Vehicles (EVs) due to environmental concerns calls for proper planning of charging infrastructure to promote its successful deployment. The charging infrastructure will affect both the transportation and distribution network. This paper proposes optimal siting and sizing of EV Fast Charging Station (FCS) with the aim of capturing as many charging demands as possible with consideration of customer convenience and satisfying the transportation and distribution system constraints. Therefore, the spatial-temporal charging demand is first identified and based on the queuing model, the size of the probable FCS is determined to minimize the number of FCS slots within the allowed waiting time. Then the constrained Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) problem is formulated to capture the maximum EV flow and solved using Binary Grey Wolf Optimizer (BGWO) algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed planning approach is investigated on IEEE 123 bus distribution system coupled with 25-node transportation network.