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Establishing the overlap of IONP quantification with echo and echoless MR relaxation mapping

Authors :
Jinjin Zhang
Michael Garwood
Nathan D. Klein
Hattie L. Ring
Christy L. Haynes
Lynn E. Eberly
Source :
Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 79:1420-1428
Publication Year :
2017
Publisher :
Wiley, 2017.

Abstract

Purpose Iron-oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have shown tremendous utility for enhancing image contrast and delivering targeted therapies. Quantification of IONPs has been demonstrated at low concentrations with gradient echo (GRE) and spin echo (SE), and at high concentrations with echoless sequences such as swept imaging with Fourier transform (SWIFT). This work examines the overlap of IONP quantification with GRE, SE, and SWIFT. Methods The limit of quantification of GRE, SE, inversion-recovery GRE, and SWIFT sequences was assessed using IONPs at a concentration range of 0.02 to 89.29 mM suspended in 1% agarose. Empirically derived limits of quantification were compared with International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry definitions. Both commercial and experimental IONPs were used. Results All three IONPs assessed demonstrated an overlap of concentration quantification with GRE, SE, and SWIFT sequences. The largest dynamic range observed was 0.004 to 35.7 mM with Feraheme. Conclusions The metrics established allow upper and lower quantitative limitations to be estimated given the relaxivity characteristics of the IONP and the concentration range of the material to be assessed. The methods outlined in this paper are applicable to any pulse sequence, IONP formulation, and field strength. Magn Reson Med, 2017. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

Details

ISSN :
07403194
Volume :
79
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Accession number :
edsair.doi...........c6477c8a794f9f5f284833e98f0bfca7
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.26800