Laser Stimulation of Retina and Optic Nerve in Children with Anisometropic Amblyopia

Amblyopia holds the leading place in morbidity patterns and low vision in children. Its prevalence rate ranges from 2 to 5% [1]. Anisometropic amblyopia is one of the most compound amblyopia forms. The objective is to evaluate the efficacy of use of laser stimulation of retina and optic nerve in children with an anisometropic amblyopia. Application of scanning laser therapy resulted in change of the visual analyzer resolving power – the corrected visual acuity increased by 47% in patients with mild refractive amblyopia and by 31% - by patients with moderate degree. Also, the power of correcting glasses decreased, allowing to achieve maximum visual acuity by 29% and 12 % respectively. There was increase in accommodation reserves by 3.1 diopters and 1.8 diopters, respectively, as well as an improvement in 7-minute light sensitivity of photopic afferent system in patients with mild refractive amblyopia by 14.7% and with moderate degree – by 26.3%. There was an improvement of activity of fovea-cortical afferent system by 22% in patients with a mild degree and by 17% - in patients with moderate anisometropic amblyopia. The course of therapy resulted in the decrease in vascular tonic properties of anterior circulation (α/t) by 17%.