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Fractal form of the partition functions p (n)

Authors :
Aleksa Srdanov
Source :
AIMS Mathematics. 5:2539-2568
Publication Year :
2020
Publisher :
American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS), 2020.

Abstract

The fractal family $\left\{p\left(n, k\right), k \in \mathbb{N}\right\}$, describe a rule to calculate the number of partitions obtained by decomposing $n\in \mathbb{N}$, into exactly $k$ parts. In this paper, we will present a novel method for proving that polynomials $\left\{p\left(n, k\right), k \in \mathbb{N} \right\}$ have fractal form. For each class $k$, up to the $LCM\left(1, 2, 3, \dots, k\right)$, different polynomials of degree $k-1$ are needed to form one quasi-polynomial $p\left(n, k\right)$. All the polynomials (needed for the same class $k$) have all coefficients of the higher degrees ending with the $ \left[\frac{k}{2}\right] $ degree in common. Moreover, we will prove that, for a fixed value of $k$, all the first, second, etc. coefficients of the common part of the fractal family have a general form, showing the vertical connection between the corresponding coefficients of all fractal family $\left\{ p\left(n, k\right), k\in \mathbb{N}\right\} $. Furthermore, for a fixed value of $k$, all the coefficients within the same polynomial have a unique general form, showing the horizontal connection of the coefficients of the polynomial $p\left(n, k\right)$. The partition function is not real a polynomial, but it can be written as a fractal polynomial which can be obtained from the general form of the partition class functions $\left\{p\left(n, k\right)\right\}$. In that case, the partition function for each $n$ uses a different polynomial. We show that all these polynomials can be combined with one single in which each member can be a formula for calculating the total number of partitions of all natural numbers.

Details

ISSN :
24736988
Volume :
5
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
AIMS Mathematics
Accession number :
edsair.doi...........c7e8e47e3277e462e5264a7b41166719
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3934/math.2020167