Ecological Civilization—the inevitable road to sustainable Evolution

The human ecological system evolved from the natural environment and the bio‐ecological system. Sustainable evolution has become a problem in that the human ecological system has not evolved into a complete structure: humans are super producers, super consumers but not super decomposers. Information society, known as post‐industrial society, is still part of industrial civilization. Following it will inevitably be an ecological civilization in which humankind will also become super decomposers as well. An ecological system with a complete structure will last and evolve in a sustainable manner. The clash between civilization and the environment is caused by self‐interest of humanity, which means that the evolution toward ecological civilization will not be a highly active process. Industrial civilization can evolve toward ecological civilization along three lines: active evolution, locally passive evolution, and globally passive evolution. The first 50 years of the 21st century will be a dangerous period. ...