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Review of Major Social Determinants of Health in Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders: II. Assessments

Authors :
Emily T Sturm
Michael L Thomas
Anastasia G Sares
Subodh Dave
David Baron
Michael T Compton
Barton W Palmer
Dylan J Jester
Dilip V Jeste
Source :
Schizophrenia Bulletin.
Publication Year :
2023
Publisher :
Oxford University Press (OUP), 2023.

Abstract

Background and Aims Social determinants of health (SDoHs) impact the development and course of schizophrenia-spectrum psychotic disorders (SSPDs). Yet, we found no published scholarly reviews of psychometric properties and pragmatic utility of SDoH assessments among people with SSPDs. We aim to review those aspects of SDoH assessments. Study Design PsychInfo, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were examined to obtain data on reliability, validity, administration process, strengths, and limitations of the measures for SDoHs identified in a paired scoping review. Study Results SDoHs were assessed using different approaches including self-reports, interviews, rating scales, and review of public databases. Of the major SDoHs, early-life adversities, social disconnection, racism, social fragmentation, and food insecurity had measures with satisfactory psychometric properties. Internal consistency reliabilities—evaluated in the general population for 13 measures of early-life adversities, social disconnection, racism, social fragmentation, and food insecurity—ranged from poor to excellent (0.68–0.96). The number of items varied from 1 to more than 100 and administration time ranged from less than 5 minutes to over an hour. Measures of urbanicity, low socioeconomic status, immigration status, homelessness/housing instability, and incarceration were based on public records or targeted sampling. Conclusions Although the reported assessments of SDoHs show promise, there is a need to develop and test brief but validated screening measures suitable for clinical application. Novel assessment tools, including objective assessments at individual and community levels utilizing new technology, and sophisticated psychometric evaluations for reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change with effective interventions are recommended, and suggestions for training curricula are offered.

Subjects

Subjects :
Psychiatry and Mental health

Details

ISSN :
17451701 and 05867614
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Schizophrenia Bulletin
Accession number :
edsair.doi...........ce1f59721a0ece05dcc6eb9fe6e747c5
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad024