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Autologous Tumor Cells Engineered to Express Bacterial Antigens

Authors :
Michael J. P. Lawman
Maya M. Jerald
Patricia D. Lawman
Vijayakumar K. Ramiya
Source :
Methods in Molecular Biology ISBN: 9781493903443
Publication Year :
2014
Publisher :
Springer New York, 2014.

Abstract

Cancer immunotherapies are emerging as promising treatment modalities in the management of the disease. As a result, cancer vaccines are considered to be immensely crucial in preventing recurrence, a well-known nemesis in cancer patients because they have the potential to activate memory antitumor immunity. Due to poor antigenicity and self-tolerance, most tumor antigens require interventional vaccine therapies to provide an adequate "danger" signal to the immune system in order to activate a robust, clinically meaningful antitumor immunity. It has been postulated that this requirement may be achieved by providing bacterial and/or viral immunogens to prime this type of immune response. Briefly, we provide here a method of transfecting whole tumor cells with plasmid DNA encoding an immunogenic bacterial protein such as Emm55, which was derived from Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes). Subsequent inactivation of the transfected cells by irradiation (100 Gray) prevents replication. This type of whole-cell vaccine, e.g., ImmuneFx™, has demonstrated activity in a murine neuroblastoma model, in canine lymphoma patients with naturally occurring disease, and in many cancer types in companion animals. The protocols described in this chapter provide the necessary materials and methodologies to manufacture such a vaccine.

Details

ISBN :
978-1-4939-0344-3
ISBNs :
9781493903443
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Methods in Molecular Biology ISBN: 9781493903443
Accession number :
edsair.doi...........cef1a0fd5ca0252efb5bbcdac5a074ce