Development of type I gastric carcinoid in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis

Summary Background Long-term observational studies assessing the incidence of type I gastric carcinoid (typeIGC) in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis are few. Aim To evaluate the occurrence of typeIGC at diagnosis and during follow-up and to identify patient features associated with the presence of typeIGC in a cohort of chronic atrophic gastritis patients. Methods Three hundred and sixty-seven chronic atrophic gastritis patients [245 women, age 54 (18–79) years] underwent regular follow-up by gastroscopy. The incidence of typeIGC was determined in chronic atrophic gastritis patients with at least 2 years of follow-up (n = 214). Baseline clinical and histological features were analysed as factors associated with the presence of typeIGC by univariate analysis. Results Type I gastric carcinoid was diagnosed in nine (2.4%) patients at the moment when chronic atrophic gastritis was diagnosed. After 1463 person-years, six patients developed typeIGC with an annual incidence rate (person-year) of 0.4%. Patients with typeIGC had significantly higher levels of gastrin, chromogranin A and more frequently the presence of body polyps and ECL-dysplasia compared with chronic atrophic gastritis patients without typeIGC. Conclusions This cohort study shows that typeIGC is a rare complication in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, and the presence of body polyps and ECL-dysplasia at gastroscopic/histologic evaluation is strongly associated with the presence of typeIGC.