Ferroelectric and anisotropic electrical properties of BaMgF4 single crystal for vacuum UV devices

Ferroelectric and anisotropic electrical behaviors of barium magnesium fluoride (BaMgF4) single crystal grown under CF4 atmosphere by the Czochralski method are comprehensively studied by polarization hysteresis and impedance spectroscopy measurements, respectively. The coercive field (Ec) varies not only with applied frequency but also with ramp rates, while spontaneous polarization Ps∼6.9 C/cm2 remains the same. Dielectric polarization and ionic conductivity measurements at various temperatures and frequencies reveal quasi-one-dimensional ionic conduction phenomena along the c-axis and non-Debye dielectric relaxation along the axes.