Properties of two-dimensional nanomaterials

Materials having size between 1 and 100 nm, at least in one dimension, are known as nanomaterials. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are a special class of nanomaterials that are ultrathin, having only a single layer of atoms. Because of their large surface area, 2D layered nanomaterials exhibit special properties. The peculiar electronic properties of graphene drew a lot of attention toward the 2D structures. Other than graphene, 2D materials are hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), different transition metal chalcogenides, germanane, silicene, and phosphorene. The layered structures of 2D materials have properties to act as lubricants. These materials show a range of electronic properties and may be used in nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, sensors, energy storage, and flexible devices in the future. In this chapter, some of the attributes, such as electronic, optoelectric, optical, electric, thermal, magnetic, and mechanical properties, have been discussed.