Neisseria Gonorrheae: A Cause of Male Infertility

Background: Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted infection that is commonly related to male infertility. The infection affects sperm transport through the urinary tract and subsequent damage of the testicular tubes. The infection also impair sperm production as the infection is rarely asymptomatic and can be difficult to diagnose, it is possible that its contribution to male infertility is underestimated. Infection of the genitals results in a purulent (pus-like) discharge from the genitals which may be foul smelling, inflammation, redness, swelling, dysuria, and a burning sensation during urination. As with Chlamydia, it is possible to have a Gonorrhea infection without noticeable symptoms, and which can cause permanent scarring and blockage in the sperm production duct. Gonorrhoea is a bacterial infection and is treatable with antibiotics. Laboratory studies reveal that N. gonorrhoeae infection can impair motility, viability and spermatogenesis; increase anti-sperm antibodies are associated with a decrease in semen parameters as a result of the production of anti-sperm antibodies in the genital tract. Aim: The study aimed at reviewing the possible role of gonorrhoea in male infertility. Method: Research publications such as Pubmed, Scopus, Medline etc. Results: over 115 journals of international repute were obtained, out of which 50 were found to be closely relevant such as; the implication of N. gonorrheae in male infertility, complication of N. gonorrhea infection, N. gonorrhea e and male infertility and were reviewed. Conclusion: N. gonorrhoae was found implicative in male infertility and the need for comprehensive modern laboratory methods for the diagnosis of the infection and also to included routine laboratory tests.