Risk factors in total hip arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty: Infection and mortality

Background Surveillance systems make it possible to analyze the trends of infections associated with hip arthroplasty. The aim of this study is to determine risk factors associated with surgical site infection (SSI) and mortality following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or hemiarthroplasty (HHA). Methods Observational study including individuals ≥18 years who underwent THA or HHA between January 2007 and December 2017. Incidences of SSI were compared with the national rates according to NNIS indexes. Risk factors for SSI and mortality were evaluated using multiple logistic regression model. Results In THA, an association with a higher risk of SSI was found with hospital stay (OR 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02–1.15; p = .007). In HHA, hospital stay was associated with a higher risk of SSI (OR 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02–1.08; p = .001), as also happened with obesity (OR 13.28; 95% CI: 2.68–65.74; p = .002), while inadequate antibiotic prophylaxis was associated with a higher risk of mortality (OR 4.69; 95% CI: 1.01–21.74; p = .048). Conclusion In THA, hospital stay was associated with an increased risk of SSI. In HHA this association is found with hospital stay and obesity, while inadequate antibiotic therapy was associated with mortality.