On some achievements and major problems in mathematical modeling of climatic characteristics of the Ocean (critical analysis)

This paper is devoted to a brief critical review of major achievements and shortcomings in numerical modeling of climatic characteristics of the World Ocean. It is shown that the most interesting results are obtained due to the transition to high resolution (the horizontal grid spacing being no more than 1/18°). The need to switch to higher resolution (about 0.01°) is also obvious. The author deeply appreciates the study by Guo et al. [25] in which the role of JEBAR and other terms of the integral mass transport equation is assessed. High resolution, however, is not the only problem. A mathematical description of the physical processes of ice formation and melting and a four-dimensional analysis of the data remain a difficult problem. It is noted that in a number of studies extensive integration tends to filter out the results in a simulation of intense currents. This process of Sverdrupization of the integral mass transport is shown schematically in Fig. 2. An original scheme of the formation of the equatorial subsurface countercurrents is presented. The author suggests that neither modeling nor analyzing the resulting data show the presence of warming in the World Ocean; hence, there is no global warming in the atmosphere either.