UAV-aided 5G Network in Suburban, Urban, Dense Urban, and High-rise Urban Environments

A topic of interest to researchers and engineers alike is the potential of using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) as a relay base station in cellular communication. The driving factor behind its use is the innovations in wireless communication technologies, in particular the upcoming 5G network. The super-low latency and enormous bandwidth availability in millimeterwave triggers the usefulness of UAV deployment in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANET). This paper is a brief experimental review on ray-tracing simulation for a UAV-aided 5G network. The objective of this paper is to assess the usage of UAV in next-generation wireless networks, i.e., deploying UAV as a relay using millimeter-wave concurrently in backhaul and access links. Ray-tracing simulations are used to synthesise the coverage of UAV-aided base station (UAV) in three scenarios; i) UAV elevation, ii) UAV horizontal variation, and iii) UAV base station elevation and horizontal variation-simultaneously. In all three scenarios, the optimum placement of UAV for enhanced User (UE) coverage is spotlighted. In addition, the significance of the amplification factor in the relay path is illustrated. It is believed that the findings reached in this paper are of great value to 5G ad-hoc network planners.