Computation and validation of the interphase force models for bubbly flow

The interphase forces play a crucial role in gas–liquid two-phase flow modeling as they construct the mechanical equilibrium between phases and determine the phase distribution pattern across/along the flow channel. In this work, the predictive features of different correlations for the interphase forces were analyzed, and corresponding simulations were conducted to validate the accuracy of each correlation. Three experimental cases with a wide range of bubble Renolds number (Reb) were considered in the modeling validation in order to verify the predictive ability of each model on different bubbly flow regimes. The models differences were clarified. The results showed that there was no standard models that could be universally used for all flow conditions. Selection of the correlations for the drag force, lift force and wall lubrication force should take in account of the bubble regimes and the flow patterns in different Reb ranges. Changes of the turbulence dispersion force model and the turbulent model showed minor influences on the phase distribution in the simulated results, but variation of the turbulent viscosity model significantly affected the turbulent structure in the gas–liquid flow. The optimal models for different Reb ranges had been determined in the simulated results. Based on the results in this work, a modeling strategy route was finally summarized for easier selection of the interphase force models in arranging/optimizing simulations. The strategy route can also be used as the validating steps for new interphase models proposed for bubbly flows.