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Precision Medicine of Sodium Benzoate for the Treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD)
- Source :
- Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 16:509-518
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Informa UK Limited, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Objective Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are associated with poorer prognosis of dementia. A 24-week study demonstrated that sodium benzoate, a D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) inhibitor, surpassed placebo in improving cognitive function in early-phase Alzheimer's disease; however, benzoate did not excel placebo in another 6-week study on BPSD. The current study examined whether the precision medicine approach was able to identify specific individuals with BPSD who could benefit from benzoate treatment. Methods In the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 6-week trial, 97 patients with BPSD were allocated to receive 250-1500 mg/day of sodium benzoate or placebo. Cognitive function was measured by the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) and behavioral and psychological symptoms were mainly measured by Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD). DAAO level, amino acids (L-serine, D-serine, L-alanine, and D-alanine, glycine), and two antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase) were assayed in peripheral blood. Results After benzoate treatment, DAAO inhibition was correlated with ADAS-cog decrease (p = 0.034), while baseline DAAO level was correlated with baseline BEHAVE-AD score. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that cognitive improvement after benzoate treatment was correlated with DAAO decrease, female gender, younger age, BMI, baseline BPSD severity, and antipsychotic use. Conclusion The finding suggests that sodium benzoate may have potential to benefit cognitive function in a fraction of BPSD patients after 6 weeks of treatment. Of note, the precision medicine approach may be helpful for identifying individuals who could respond to benzoate. More studies are warranted to confirm the preliminary findings. Trial registration The trial was registered online (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02103673).
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
business.industry
medicine.medical_treatment
Cognition
Disease
medicine.disease
Precision medicine
Placebo
030227 psychiatry
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
chemistry
Rating scale
Internal medicine
medicine
Sodium benzoate
Dementia
business
Antipsychotic
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 11782021
- Volume :
- 16
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........ec1517600006d041a4d54c8d03767afe