Protection of spring wheat with biopreparations and fungicides in the forest steppe of Priobye: I. First results in extreme weather conditions

The paper presents data on a comparative test of the efficacy of chemical, fungal and bacterial fungicides in limiting the harmfulness of main diseases of spring wheat. The research was carried out on leached chernozem of the forest-steppe of Priobye of the Novosibirsk region. It was shown that Sternifag, SP reduces the development of root rot at the end of the growing season by 48 %, which is comparable to the effect of a chemical dressing agent Scarlet, ME (imazalil+tebuconazole) and is slightly inferior to the action of combined application of fungal preparation Trichocin, SP with the bacterial preparation Vitaplan, SP (55 %). Preplanting seed treatment effectively reduced the development of leaf infections: Scarlet, ME suppressed the development of Septoria blotch by 54 %, Scarlet, ME + Vitaplan, SP – of powdery mildew by 69 %, Trichotsin,SP + Vitaplan, SP – of brown rust by 74 %. Fungicide Titul 390, KKR reduced the development of these diseases by 60, 81 and 85 %, respectively. Alirin-B, W with Trichocin, SP suppressed brown rust by 64 %. Cellulolytic activity increased 1.3–1.9 times compared to the control as a result of the action of biological products and Sternifag, SP. The amount of plant residues decreased 2.4 and 1.9 times 15 and 30 days after application. The greatest increase in yield was provided by chemical fungicides – 0.7 t / ha, they were not inferior to the use of Alirin-B, W with Vitaplan, SP against the background of etching with Scarlet, ME fungicide.