Toward the theory of fermionic condensation

The diagrammatic technique elaborated by Belyaev for the theory of a Fermi liquid has been implemented to analyze the behavior of Fermi systems beyond the topological phase transition point, where the fermionic condensate appears. It has been shown that the inclusion of the interaction between the condensate and above-condensate particles leads to the emergence of a gap in the single-particle excitation spectrum of these particles even in the absence of Cooper pairing. Hence, the emergence of this gap in homogeneous electron systems of silicon field-effect structures leads to a metal–insulator phase transition rather than to superconductivity. It has been shown that the same interaction explains the nature of the Fermi arc structure in twodimensional electron systems of cuprates.