Results of correction of myopic astigmatism with the VISX 20/20 excimer laser

The advent of the excimer laser has brought about the potential for improved vision in many individuals with myopia and astigmatism. However, photoastigmatic refractive keratectomy (PARK) remains a matter of controversy. The purpose of our study was to determine the predictability of VISX 20/20 excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy in the treatment of myopic astigmatism. Patients and methods: Our study comprised 31 eyes of 22 patients with myopic astigmatism. All patients underwent treatment with a VISX 20/20 excimer laser and were followed up for 6 months. Complete 12-month follow-up data were available from 18 eyes. Park was performed in eyes with myopia between −1.5 and −10.0 D and with astigmatism between −0.5 and −5.5 D. Thus, the corresponding spherical equivalent ranged from −1.75 to −10.5 D. Results: Six months postoperatively, 21/31 (62 %) eyes were within ± 1.0 D of the target refraction and 13/31 (42 %) within ± 0.5 D of the target refraction. In 13 of 15 eyes (87 %) with myopia less than −6.0 D, an uncorrected visual acuity of at least 0.8 was noted. In eyes with myopia greater than −6.0 D, 9/16 (56 %) showed an uncorrected visual acuity of at least 0.5. Six months after PARK, an increase of one line on the Snellen Visual Acuity Chart was observed in 8/31 (26 %) and an increase of two lines was noted in eyes 3/31 (10 %). One of 31 eyes (3 %) showed an increase of three lines. A decrease in visual acuity of 1 line on the Snellen Visual Acuity Chart was found in 4/31 (13 %), and in 3/31 eyes (10 %) a decrease of 2–4 lines was noted. Overall, we observed a statistically significant reduction of astigmatism from 1.93 ± 1.43 D to 0.93 ± 0.63 D. Reduction of corneal astigmatism less than −1.25 D was not statistically significant. In eyes with astigmatism ranging from −1.25 to −2.5 D or greater than −2.75 D, a significant reduction of the mean astigmatism was noted. The postoperative regression of astigmatic correction was low. However, an axis shift of more than 15 ° was found in 42 %/35 % of eyes by subjective refraction (miosis/cycloplegia) and in 33 % in corneal topography. No central islands were noted. Conclusion: Photoastigmatic refractive keratectomy (PARK) constitutes a potential means of correcting myopic astigmatism. In eyes with astigmatism greater than −1.0 D a significant reduction of 60 % of the mean astigmatism was noted. However, the considerable proportion of eyes with a postoperative axis shift greater than 15 ° and a decrease in visual acuity of two or more lines indicates that further research is needed on excimer laser surgery to improve the reliability and safety.