Fracture probability assessed using FRAX® in elderly women with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Objective Patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) can have vitamin D deficiency, which is a cause of abnormal bone turnover. Several studies have established a relationship between osteoporosis and BPPV. The World Health Organization Fracture Risk Assessment Tool, widely known as FRAX® ( http://www.shef.ac.uk/FRAX ), is a computer-based algorithm for assessing fracture risk. No direct comparison has been made between the FRAX scores of patients with BPPV and controls. The purpose of this study was to determine whether women with BPPV are at high risk of fracture as assessed using FRAX. Methods The study involved 40 postmenopausal women diagnosed with BPPV between July 2015 and April 2016, and 40 postmenopausal women as controls. The 10-year major osteoporotic and hip fracture risks were calculated using FRAX and were compared between BPPV patients and controls using Welch’s t test and a general linear model. Results The 10-year major osteoporotic fracture risk was 20.4% ± 12.1% for BPPV patients (aged 72.4 ± 8.6 years) and 14.3% ± 6.5% for controls (aged 71.2 ± 6.3 years). The 10-year hip fracture risk was 9.0% ± 9.8% for BPPV patients and 5.0% ± 3.9% for controls. The BPPV group had significantly higher 10-year major risks of osteoporotic fracture (p = 0.0069) and hip fracture (p = 0.0202) compared with controls. Similarly, after adjustment for age, the BPPV group had significantly higher 10-year risks of major osteoporotic fracture (p = 0.0007) and hip fracture (p = 0.0092) compared with controls. Conclusion Fracture risk calculated using FRAX was significantly higher in the BPPV group than in controls. Women with BPPV may need early intervention to prevent future fractures.