Back to Search
Start Over
A sensitive environmental forensic method that determines bisphenol S and A exposure within receipt-handling through fingerprint analysis
- Source :
- Journal of hazardous materials. 424
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- As human beings have been consistently exposed to bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol S (BPS) derived from various products, the intake of BPS/BPA to humans has been extensively studied. However, using conventional biological matrices such as urine, blood, or dissected skin to detect BPS/BPA in the human body system requires longer exposure time to them, hardly defines the pollutant source of the accumulated BPS/BPA, and is often invasive. Herein, our new approach i.e. fingerprint analysis quantitatively confirms the transfer of BPS/BPA from receipts (specific pollution source) to human skin only within receipt-handling of “20 s”. When receipts (fingertip region size; ~1 cm2) containing 100–300 μg of BPS or BPA are handled, 20–40 μg fingerprint-1 of BPS or BPA is transferred to human skin (fingertip). This transferred amount of BPS/BPA can still be toxic according to the toxicity test using water fleas. As a visual evidence, a fingerprint map that matches the distribution of the absorbed BPS/BPA is developed using a mass spectrometry imaging tool. This is the first study to analyze fingerprints to determine the incorporation mechanism of emerging pollutants. This study provides an efficient and non-invasive environmental forensic tool to analyze amounts and sources of hazardous substances.
- Subjects :
- Paper
endocrine system
Environmental Engineering
Chromatography
urogenital system
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Skin Absorption
urologic and male genital diseases
Pollution
Visual evidence
chemistry.chemical_compound
Bisphenol S
chemistry
Phenols
Fingerprint
Environmental Chemistry
Humans
Sulfones
Benzhydryl Compounds
Waste Management and Disposal
hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Skin
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18733336
- Volume :
- 424
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of hazardous materials
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....008af61e08ab2f4e46442315a64d900e