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Pulmonary health effects of wintertime particulate matter from California and China following repeated exposure and cessation
- Source :
- Toxicology letters
- Publication Year :
- 2022
- Publisher :
- eScholarship, University of California, 2022.
-
Abstract
- Epidemiological studies show strong associations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution and adverse pulmonary effects. In the present study, wintertime PM2.5 samples were collected from three geographically similar regions—Sacramento, California, USA; Jinan, Shandong, China; and Taiyuan, Shanxi, China—and extracted to form PMCA, PMSD, and PMSX, respectively, for comparison in a BALB/c mouse model. Each of four groups was oropharyngeally administered Milli-Q water vehicle control (50 μ L) or one type of PM extract (20 μg/50 μL) five times over two weeks. Mice were necropsied on post-exposure days 1, 2, and 4 and examined using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), histopathology, and assessments of cytokine/chemokine mRNA and protein expression. Chemical analysis demonstrated all three extracts contained black carbon, but PMSX contained more sulfates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) associated with significantly greater neutrophil numbers and greater alveolar/bronchiolar inflammation on post-exposure days 1 and 4. On day 4, PMSX-exposed mice also exhibited significant increases in interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and chemokine C-X-C motif ligands-3 and −5 mRNA, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 protein. These combined findings suggest greater sulfate and PAH content contributed to a more intense and progressive inflammatory response with repeated PMSX compared to PMCA or PMSD exposure.<br />GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
- Subjects :
- Lung Diseases
Male
Chemokine
medicine.medical_treatment
PM(2.5)
Toxicology
California
Mice
Lung
Inbred BALB C
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Air Pollutants
Inhalation Exposure
medicine.diagnostic_test
biology
Geography
In flammation
General Medicine
Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
medicine.anatomical_structure
Cytokine
Tumor necrosis factor alpha
Seasons
medicine.symptom
medicine.medical_specialty
China
Environmental Science and Management
Inflammation
PM2.5
Article
Andrology
PAHs
medicine
Animals
Humans
Climate-Related Exposures and Conditions
Time-lag
Animal
Monocyte
Sulfate
Disease Models, Animal
Bronchoalveolar lavage
Disease Models
biology.protein
Histopathology
Particulate Matter
Subjects
Details
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Toxicology letters
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....019903e0054acb8348372149a1213ee1