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Biosynthesis and pathway engineering of antifungal polyene macrolides in actinomycetes
- Source :
- Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. 40:529-543
- Publication Year :
- 2013
- Publisher :
- Oxford University Press (OUP), 2013.
-
Abstract
- Polyene macrolides are a large family of natural products typically produced by soil actinomycetes. Polyene macrolides are usually biosynthesized by modular and large type I polyketide synthases (PKSs), followed by several steps of sequential post-PKS modifications such as region-specific oxidations and glycosylations. Although known as powerful antibiotics containing potent antifungal activities (along with additional activities against parasites, enveloped viruses and prion diseases), their high toxicity toward mammalian cells and poor distribution in tissues have led to the continuous identification and structural modification of polyene macrolides to expand their general uses. Advances in in-depth investigations of the biosynthetic mechanism of polyene macrolides and the genetic manipulations of the polyene biosynthetic pathways provide great opportunities to generate new analogues. Recently, a novel class of polyene antibiotics was discovered (a disaccharide-containing NPP) that displays better pharmacological properties such as improved water-solubility and reduced hemolysis. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the biosynthesis, pathway engineering, and regulation of polyene antibiotics in actinomycetes.
- Subjects :
- Antifungal
Antifungal Agents
Glycosylation
medicine.drug_class
Stereochemistry
Antibiotics
Bioengineering
Polyenes
Hemolysis
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Actinobacteria
chemistry.chemical_compound
Polyketide
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
Biosynthesis
medicine
Animals
biology
Polyene
biology.organism_classification
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Biosynthetic Pathways
chemistry
Biochemistry
Macrolides
Genetic Engineering
Polyketide Synthases
Biotechnology
Pathway engineering
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14765535 and 13675435
- Volume :
- 40
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....0289e678c94e27b9bc7c94c22ae1d689