Historical and modern aspects of surgical treatment of Ebstein’s anomaly

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are recognized as the most common type of congenital pathology. The frequency of CHDs reaches 2.4–14.2 % per 1 000 newborns. Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare and complex pathology that can be manifested clinically at any age. Drug treatment is ineffective in patients with this pathology. Preference in this case should be given to surgical treatment. Cardiac surgeons must know basic methods of correction of this pathology, their advantages, and disadvantages. The literature review shows the evolution of Ebstein’s anomaly surgical correction techniques from the middle of the XX century to the present moment. The description of the main tricuspid valve repair techniques, which had an impact on the development of Ebstein’s anomaly surgery, is given. The volume of flap tissue that can be separated from the wall of the right ventricle is the key to successful valve repair. A case of tricuspid valve repair and replacement is given. “Cone” reconstruction is the most promising modern technique. There is also a need in new techniques and modification of the existing ones. The works aimed at their improvement and elimination of imperfections are promising.