The effect of family support on self-reported adherence to ART among adolescents perinatally infected with HIV in Uganda: A mediation analysis

INTRODUCTION: This study examined the mechanisms through which family support affects self-reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adolescents perinatally infected with HIV in Uganda. METHODS: Longitudinal data from 702 adolescent boys and girls (10–16 years) were analyzed. Structural equation models were conducted to assess the direct, indirect, and total effects of family support on adherence. RESULTS: Results showed a significant indirect effect of family support on adherence (β = .112, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.052–0.173, p < .001). Specific indirect effects of family support through saving attitudes (β = .058, 95% CI: 0.008–0.108, p = .024), and communication with the guardian (β = .056, 95% CI: 0.012–0.100), p = .013), as well as the total effect of family support on adherence (β = .146 (95% CI: 0.032–0.259, p = .012), were statistically significant. Mediation contributed 76.7% of the total effects. CONCLUSION: Findings support strategies to help promote family support and strengthen open communication between adolescents living with HIV and their caregivers.