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What Is the Metabolic Amplification of Insulin Secretion and Is It (Still) Relevant?
- Source :
- Metabolites, Vol 11, Iss 355, p 355 (2021), Metabolites, 2021, 11(6), 355; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11060355--Metabolites--http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2662251--http://www.mdpi.com/journal/metabolites--https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/2273/--2218-1989--2218-1989, Metabolites
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2021.
-
Abstract
- The pancreatic beta-cell transduces the availability of nutrients into the secretion of insulin. While this process is extensively modified by hormones and neurotransmitters, it is the availability of nutrients, above all glucose, which sets the process of insulin synthesis and secretion in motion. The central role of the mitochondria in this process was identified decades ago, but how changes in mitochondrial activity are coupled to the exocytosis of insulin granules is still incompletely understood. The identification of ATP-sensitive K+-channels provided the link between the level of adenine nucleotides and the electrical activity of the beta cell, but the depolarization-induced Ca2+-influx into the beta cells, although necessary for stimulated secretion, is not sufficient to generate the secretion pattern as produced by glucose and other nutrient secretagogues. The metabolic amplification of insulin secretion is thus the sequence of events that enables the secretory response to a nutrient secretagogue to exceed the secretory response to a purely depolarizing stimulus and is thus of prime importance. Since the cataplerotic export of mitochondrial metabolites is involved in this signaling, an orienting overview on the topic of nutrient secretagogues beyond glucose is included. Their judicious use may help to define better the nature of the signals and their mechanism of action.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
insulin secretion
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
medicine.medical_treatment
Metabolic Amplification
nutrient secretagogues
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Review
Mitochondrion
Biochemistry
Microbiology
Exocytosis
Article
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Adenine nucleotide
medicine
Secretion
Veröffentlichung der TU Braunschweig
glucose
metabolic amplification
Molecular Biology
ddc:5
Cytosolic Calcium Concentration
Chemistry
Insulin
cytosolic calcium concentration
Nutrient Secretagogues
QR1-502
Cell biology
Mitochondria
mitochondria
ddc:57
030104 developmental biology
Glucose
Secretagogue
Beta cell
Publikationsfonds der TU Braunschweig
Hormone
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 22181989
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 355
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Metabolites
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....0372062c47e45945a90f021a3169d6ce