What are the newest outcomes about Legg-Calve-Perthes disease etiology after 110 years over its discovering ? – literature review

WęgrzyniakAgata,WokurkaWojciech,DudekIga,PiechPiotr. What are the newest outcomes about Legg-Calve-Perthes disease etiology after 110 years over its discovering? – literature review. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2021;11(9):396-400. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.09.050 https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2021.11.09.050 https://zenodo.org/record/5519997 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2021; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.09.2021. Revised: 21.09.2021. Accepted: 21.09.2021. What are the newest outcomes about Legg-Calve-Perthes disease etiology after 110 years over its discovering? – literature review Agata Węgrzyniak1,Wojciech Wokurka1, Iga Dudek2 Supervisor: PhD Piotr Piech3,4 Afiliacja: 1 Human Anatomy Research Group, Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin 2Student Research Group at the Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research Methodology, Medical University of Lublin 3Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin 4Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Lublin ORCID ID: Agata Węgrzyniak: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8638-0013; agataw97@gmail.com Wojciech Wokurka: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-5656; wojciechwokurka@gmail.com Iga Dudek: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8101-074X; iga.dudek6@gmail.com Piotr Piech: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8717-7957; ppiotr.md@gmail.com Abstract Idiopathic avascular necrosis of the femoral head, known as Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD), is one of the most common necrosis among paediatric patients. Although it was described over 110 years ago its aetiology is still not established. Neither have effective treatment methods, which main aim is to maintain the joint with a full range of motion and to reduce the risk of developing degenerative changes. According to the literature, the exact aetiology of LCPD has still not been established. Increasingly, immunological and genetic disorders are highlighted in the literature, which may be an important cause of disease development. However, the number of reliable studies on this subject is very limited. Once again, the influence of various risk factors present in fetal life has been analysed, but in a study with a significantly larger group of subjects. It has been repeatedly stressed that age, stage and radiological classification have a very important influence on the choice of treatment method and its effectiveness. Another important aspect is the need for reliable clinical trials to determine the effectiveness of bisphosphonate drugs and BMPs (bone morphogenetic proteins). In all studies, the need to perform more studies, on quantitatively larger groups of subjects, is significantly emphasized. Key words: Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, Idiopathic avascular necrosis of the femoral head, etiology