Branched-chain amino acids regulate intracellular protein turnover in porcine mammary epithelial cells

Dietary supplementation with branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) to lactating sows has been reported to enhance their milk production, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study was conducted with porcine mammary epithelial cells (PMECs) to test the hypothesis that individual BCAAs or their mixture stimulates protein synthesis and inhibit proteolysis in PMECs. Cells were cultured at 37 °C in customized Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium containing 5 mmol/L D-glucose, 1 mmol/L L-phenylalanine, L-[ring-2,4