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Comparative Effectiveness and Antibody Responses to Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccines among Hospitalized Veterans — Five Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, United States, February 1–September 30, 2021

Authors :
Bajema, Kristina L.
Dahl, Rebecca M.
Evener, Steve L.
Prill, Mila M.
Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C.
Marconi, Vincent C.
Beenhouwer, David O.
Holodniy, Mark
Lucero-Obusan, Cynthia
Brown, Sheldon T.
Tremarelli, Maraia
Epperson, Monica
Mills, Lisa
Park, So Hee
Rivera-Dominguez, Gilberto
Morones, Rosalba Gomez
Ahmadi-Izadi, Ghazal
Deovic, Rijalda
Mendoza, Chad
Jeong, Chan
Schrag, Stephanie J.
Meites, Elissa
Hall, Aron J.
Kobayashi, Miwako
McMorrow, Meredith
Verani, Jennifer R.
Thornburg, Natalie J.
Surie, Diya
Burnette, Joy
Capo, Gustavo
Epstein, Lauren
Gallini, Julia
Harrison, Telisha
Hartley, Amy
Hernandez, Liliana
Morales, Elena
Patel, Nina
Rooney, Kim
Tanner, Tehquin
Tate, Ernest
Tunson, Ashley
Whitmire, Alexis
Winston, Juton
Elliot, Katherine
Graham, Ilda
Lama, Diki
Pena, Ismael
Perea, Adrienne
Perez, Guerry Anabelle
Simelane, Johane
Smith, Sarah
Tallin, Gabriela
Tisi, Amelia
Lopez, Alonso Arellano
Gonzalez, Miguel Covarrubias
Lengi, Bashir
Tamez, Mariana Vanoye
Aryanfar, Babak
Lee-Chang, Ian
Matolek, Anthony
Poteshkina, Aleksandra
Naeem, Saadia
Goldin, Evan
Agrawal, Madhuri
Lopez, Jessica
Peters, Theresa
Kudryavtseva, Geliya
Cates, Jordan
Kambhampati, Anita
Source :
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
Centers for Disease Control MMWR Office, 2021.

Abstract

The mRNA COVID-19 vaccines (Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech) provide strong protection against severe COVID-19, including hospitalization, for at least several months after receipt of the second dose (1,2). However, studies examining immune responses and differences in protection against COVID-19-associated hospitalization in real-world settings, including by vaccine product, are limited. To understand how vaccine effectiveness (VE) might change with time, CDC and collaborators assessed the comparative effectiveness of Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines in preventing COVID-19-associated hospitalization at two periods (14-119 days and ≥120 days) after receipt of the second vaccine dose among 1,896 U.S. veterans at five Veterans Affairs medical centers (VAMCs) during February 1-September 30, 2021. Among 234 U.S. veterans fully vaccinated with an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and without evidence of current or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, serum antibody levels (anti-spike immunoglobulin G [IgG] and anti-receptor binding domain [RBD] IgG) to SARS-CoV-2 were also compared. Adjusted VE 14-119 days following second Moderna vaccine dose was 89.6% (95% CI = 80.1%-94.5%) and after the second Pfizer-BioNTech dose was 86.0% (95% CI = 77.6%-91.3%); at ≥120 days VE was 86.1% (95% CI = 77.7%-91.3%) for Moderna and 75.1% (95% CI = 64.6%-82.4%) for Pfizer-BioNTech. Antibody levels were significantly higher among Moderna recipients than Pfizer-BioNTech recipients across all age groups and periods since vaccination; however, antibody levels among recipients of both products declined between 14-119 days and ≥120 days. These findings from a cohort of older, hospitalized veterans with high prevalences of underlying conditions suggest the importance of booster doses to help maintain long-term protection against severe COVID-19.

Details

ISSN :
1545861X and 01492195
Volume :
70
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....06a3e0c3116549b72eba0d41245a9a0c
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7049a2